What does concurrent validity measure?

Concurrent validity measures the correlation between two tests that are administered at the same time. It is a type of validity that assesses how well a new test compares to an established test that measures the same construct. When two tests yield similar results when given to the same group of individuals, it indicates high concurrent validity. This relationship helps to establish that the new test is measuring what it is intended to measure by correlating it with the results of a benchmark test that is already accepted as valid.

The other options touch on different aspects of validity or testing but do not define concurrent validity accurately. One option refers to comparisons between past and present test scores, which relates more to test-retest reliability or other longitudinal measures than to concurrent validity. Another option speaks to the effectiveness of tests on future outcomes, usually tied to predictive validity rather than concurrent validity. Lastly, discussing the strength of test predictions through past performance implies a reliance on historical data, which does not align with the immediate comparison that concurrent validity performs.